特殊的数据类型
>>> list1 = [1, 'wang', 'tao']
>>> tuple1 = (2, 'wang', 'tao', 'yuan') #tuple的内容不可更改
>>> dict1 = { #dict的元素分为 key:value两部分，key不能重复
'wang':90,
'tao':99,
'yuan':100
}
dict 的用法，转自http://blog.csdn.net/wangran51/article/details/8440848
| Operation |
Result |
Notes |
len(a) |
the number of items in a 得到字典中元素的个数
|
|
a[k] |
the item of a with key k 取得键K所对应的值
|
(1), (10) |
a[k] = v |
set a[k] to v 设定键k所对应的值成为v
|
|
del a[k] |
remove a[k] from a 从字典中删除键为k的元素
|
(1) |
a.clear() |
remove all items from a 清空整个字典
|
|
a.copy() |
a (shallow) copy of a 得到字典副本
|
|
k in a |
True if a has a key k, else False 字典中存在键k则为返回True，没有则返回False
|
(2) |
k not in a |
Equivalent to not k in a 字典中不存在键k则为返回true,反之返回False
|
(2) |
a.has_key(k) |
Equivalent to k in a, use that form in new code 等价于k in a |
|
a.items() |
a copy of a's list of (key, value) pairs 得到一个键，值的list |
(3) |
a.keys() |
a copy of a's list of keys 得到键的list |
(3) |
a.update([b]) |
updates (and overwrites) key/value pairs from b从b字典中更新a字典，如果键相同则更新，a中不存在则追加
|
(9) |
a.fromkeys(seq[, value]) |
Creates a new dictionary with keys from seq and values set to value
|
(7) |
a.values() |
a copy of a's list of values |
(3) |
a.get(k[, x]) |
a[k] if k in a, else x
|
(4) |
a.setdefault(k[, x]) |
a[k] if k in a, else x (also setting it) |
(5) |
a.pop(k[, x]) |
a[k] if k in a, else x (and remove k) |
(8) |
a.popitem() |
remove and return an arbitrary (key, value) pair |
(6) |
a.iteritems() |
return an iterator over (key, value) pairs |
(2), (3) |
a.iterkeys() |
return an iterator over the mapping's keys |
(2), (3) |
a.itervalues() |
return an iterator over the mapping's values |
(2), (3) |
|
set ([ , ])相当于dict的key组成的列表，具有元素不可重复 的特点
特殊操作
定义函数 def f( ): f为函数名,注意后面要加 冒号
增加操作 append() 追加到list尾部
extend()将列表b加到a后
insert(1, 'g')